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In an extremely favourable geographical position, Macedonia
is located in the south - central part of the Balkan Peninsula; crossed
by significant traffic lines. To the north it reaches 42° 22'21" N
latitude and 22° 18'04" E longitude; to the south 41° 51'16" N
latitude and 21° 07'32" E longitude; to the east 41° 42'33" N latitude
and 23° 02'12" E longitude and to the west 41° 31'04" N latitude
and 20° 27'32" E longitude. Macedonia has an area of 25,713 sq. km.
Land-locked, it is bordered by Yugoslavia in the north, Bulgaria in the
east, Greece in the south, and Albania in the west. Most of the terrain
consist of uplands and mountains, including the Jakupica, Plackovica, Kozuf
and Nidze range. There are interesting basins and valleys, but the most
important is the Vardar valley, running through the north - south of the
country. Some 16% of land is arable, while 26% is covered by pastures and
37% in forestry. Although the rainfall is moderate, there are two types
of climate. These include the Mediterranean climate in the Vardar Valley
(with hot summers and mild winters), and the humid continental climate
in the mountains (with hot summers and cold winters); rainfall is moderate.
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